Resources

What is Surveying?

Surveying is the process of analyzing and recording the characteristics of a land area span to help design a plan or map for construction.

Total Station is the currently preferred Surveying equipment in the industry. Find out What is a Total Station? here and about Survey camp using Total Station workshop here.

Categories of Surveying are:

• Geodetic Surveying:

  Surveys are carried out on a large scale with the help of control networks spanning over long distances.

• Cadastral Surveying:

  Surveys are carried out to define land ownership and boundaries.

• Topographical Surveying:

  Surveys are carried out to determine land structure along with variation in land heights.

• As Built Surveying:

  Surveys are carried out after completion of a construction project to check variance from proposed design.

• Photogrammetry (Aerial Surveying):

  Surveys are carried out by taking photographs from elevated ground stations.

• LiDAR (Aerial Surveying):

  Surveys are carried out using remote sensors and light reflected by lasers to measure distances.

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What is Structural Engineering?

It is a field of engineering dealing with the analysis and design of structures that support or resist loads.

Structural engineering theory is based upon physical laws and empirical knowledge of the structural performance of different materials and geometries. Structural engineering design utilizes a number of simple structural elements to build complex structural systems.

Structural engineering depends upon a detailed knowledge of applied mechanics, materials science and applied mathematics to understand and predict how structures support and resist self-weight and imposed loads. To apply the knowledge successfully a Structural engineering generally requires detailed knowledge of relevant empirical and theoretical design codes, the techniques of structural analysis, as well as some knowledge of the corrosion resistance of the materials and structures, especially when those structures are exposed to the external environment. Since the 1990s, specialist software has become available to aid in the design of structures, with the functionality to assist in the drawing, analyzing and designing of structures with maximum precision; examples include AutoCAD, StaadPro, ETABS, Prokon, Revit Structure etc. Such software may also take into consideration environmental loads, such as from earthquakes and winds.

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What is Foundation Engineering?

A foundation is the lowest part of the building structure.

It is the engineering field of study devoted to the design of those structures which support other structures, most typically buildings, bridges or transportation infrastructure. It is at the periphery of Civil, Structural and Geotechnical Engineering disciplines and has distinct focus on soil-structure interaction.

It is also called as ground sill, which transfers loads to the ground. It is generally broken into two categories.

• Shallow foundation
• Deep foundation

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